Table Lemon Plant Description
Scientific Name: Citrus limon
Family: Rutaceae
Tamil Name: எலுமிச்சை (Elumichai)
Tree Characteristics
Height: Generally 3–6 meters (10–20 feet) tall; can be grown in smaller sizes with pruning.
Crown: Dense and bushy with a rounded or slightly spreading shape.
Bark: Thin and smooth, usually greenish to brownish, with potential rough texture in older trees.
Leaves
Shape: Typically elliptical or lance-shaped with a pointed tip and serrated edges.
Size: About 5–10 cm (2–4 inches) long and 2–5 cm (0.8–2 inches) wide.
Color: Dark green and glossy on top, lighter green underneath. New leaves may be reddish or purple.
Flowers
Structure: Small, star-shaped with five white or pale pink petals.
Size: Approximately 2–3 cm (0.8–1.2 inches) in diameter.
Blooming Period: Often blooms in spring and summer, with the possibility of multiple bloom periods throughout the year.
Fruit
Shape: Generally oval to round.
Size: Typically 5–8 cm (2–3 inches) in diameter.
Color: Bright yellow when ripe.
Skin: Smooth and thin, with a slightly bumpy texture and aromatic essential oils.
Flesh: Juicy, tangy, and aromatic. Pale yellow flesh that is segmented.
Seeds: Usually contains a few small, oval seeds.
Growing Conditions
Climate: Prefers subtropical to tropical climates with full sunlight. It can be grown in temperate regions with proper winter protection.
Soil: Thrives in well-drained, sandy-loam soil with a slightly acidic to neutral pH (6.0–7.0). Avoid waterlogged conditions.
Watering: Regular watering is crucial, especially during dry periods. Ensure good drainage to prevent root rot.
Uses
Culinary: Ideal for fresh use, such as in salads, or as a garnish. The bright flavor is used in various dishes, beverages, and desserts. The zest and juice are also commonly used in cooking.
Medicinal: Rich in vitamin C, beneficial for boosting the immune system and improving skin health. It has antioxidant properties.
Household: Used in cleaning and deodorizing due to its acidic properties and pleasant scent.
Pests and Diseases
Common Pests: Can be affected by pests like aphids, spider mites, and scale insects.
Diseases: Susceptible to diseases such as citrus canker, powdery mildew, and root rot. Regular care, including pest management and good sanitation practices, is essential.
