Kaffir Lime Plant Description
Scientific Name: Citrus hystrix
Family: Rutaceae
Tamil Name: கொழிஞ்சி (Kaffir Lime)
Tree Characteristics
Height: Typically grows to about 2–4 meters (6.5–13 feet).
Crown: Dense and bushy, often with a rounded shape.
Bark: Smooth and light gray when young, becoming rough and darker as it matures.
Leaves
Shape: Distinct double-lobed leaves, resembling an hourglass shape.
Size: Leaves measure approximately 5–10 cm (2–4 inches) in length.
Color: Dark green and glossy on the upper side, lighter green on the underside, with a strong citrus aroma.
Flowers
Structure: Small, white flowers with five petals and a fragrant scent.
Size: Flowers are around 2–3 cm (0.8–1.2 inches) in diameter.
Blooming Period: Primarily blooms in spring and summer, with the potential for sporadic flowering throughout the year in warm climates.
Fruit
Shape: Round and bumpy, with a distinctive rough texture.
Size: Typically about 4–6 cm (1.5–2.5 inches) in diameter.
Color: Green when immature, turning yellowish-green as it ripens.
Skin: Thick, bumpy, and aromatic.
Flesh: Sour and acidic, with a strong lime flavor, pale green in color.
Seeds: Generally contains several small seeds.
Growing Conditions
Climate: Prefers warm, humid subtropical or tropical climates and is sensitive to frost.
Soil: Thrives in well-drained, fertile soils with a slightly acidic to neutral pH (5.5–7.0).
Watering: Requires regular watering, especially during dry periods, but should not be overwatered to prevent root rot.
Uses
Culinary: The leaves are commonly used in Southeast Asian cuisines for flavoring soups, curries, and salads. The fruit can be used for its juice and zest.
Medicinal: Known for their health benefits, kaffir limes are rich in vitamin C and antioxidants, often used in traditional remedies for various ailments.
Aromatic: The essential oils from the leaves and fruit are used in perfumes, aromatherapy, and natural insect repellents.
Pests and Diseases
Common Pests: Can be affected by pests such as aphids, citrus leaf miners, and scale insects.
Diseases: Susceptible to citrus canker and root rot if not managed properly. Regular monitoring and good horticultural practices are essential for maintaining plant health.
